Chemical Name : Anhydrous Ammonia NH₃ (Anhydrous Ammonia)

Usage : Ammonia is used for mostly the production of nitric acid, ammonium salts, urea, dyes, pharmaceuticals and plastics such as the organic matter. A colorless gas with a distinctive pungent aroma, ammonia is mostly used in nitric acid and nitrogenous fertilizer industries as starting material. And also it is used as a weak base for production of many laboratory substances. Also ammonia is used as a cooler gas, because it’s easily liquescent when pressure is applied at normal temperature and high heat of vaporization of its liquid phase (327 kcal/g).

COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
 

 It is classified as “dangerous substance” according to Dangerous Chemicals Regulation on Official Gazette No. 21634 Date 7/11/1993.

(2) PEL - OSHA: Exposure limit permitted by U.S. Occupational Safety and Workers’ Health Administration
Kalınma Sınırı

(3) TLV - ACGIH: American Industrial Hygiene of the State Employees Association, Threshold Limit Value

(4) TWA: 8-hour day to stay in during the average amount of exposure to

Text Box: Ammonia
(anhydrous)

(5) LD: In mice, lethal amount, LC: In mice, lethal concentration

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

It’s a colorless, sharp unpleasant smell and corrosive gas. It may cause extreme irritation and burns on exposed tissue (skin, eyes, etc.) Inhalation of gas causes damages of lungs, swelling, blistering (edema), and chemical pneumonitis. At low temperatures it has the ability to flare. It’s a compressed gas. Should be used and stored below 50°C temperature.

Effects Of The Eye

Low concentrations of product may cause conjunctivitis. Exposure to a higher concentrations of product may cause swollen, painful burns, lesions and the possible of vision loss.

Effects Of The Skin

Low concentrations of product may cause dermatitis (skin inflammation). Exposure to a higher concentrations of product may cause caustic-like burns and inflammation. Exposure at a toxic level lezyomay cause early necrosis and skin lesions that will result wounds on the skinyol

Effects Of Ingestion

It is not evaluated as a potential route of exposure.

Respiratory Effects

It is all abrasive and irritating on the upper respiratory tract and mucous-type cellsva.Depending on the concentration of the inhaled gas, exposure may cause burning sensation, coughing, breathing, wheeze, breathing, mide bulantısı ve sonunda yere yığılma ve ölüme neden olur. stenosis, headache, nausea, and eventually the collapse and death.

Inhalation of excessive amounts may cause burns like caustic and edema and chemical pneumonitis on the upper respiratory tract (larynx and bronchi). If it deep into the lungs, this results lungs edema. Pulmonary edema and chemical pneumonitisin may result in death.

Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure to Gas

Pre-existing eye, skin and respiratory system diseases progress.

FIRST AID MEASURES

It is a oxidizing substance so at oxygen fires plenty of water must be used, oxygen supply that speeds up fire must be closed and tubes around must be cooled by flushing with water.

Eyes

Wash ammonia exposed eyes at least 15 minutes with plenty of water. Make sure the eyes are flushed with plenty of water by lifting eyelids. People with the possibility of exposure to ammonia should not use contact lenses. Persons whose eyes are exposure to ammonia immediately need to get medical attention.

Skin

Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed areas with plenty of warm water. If irritation continues and skin appears damaged, seek immediately medical attention.

Inhalation
It is not evaluated as a potential route of exposure.

Respiratory

In all excessive exposure cases, seeking immediate medical attention is mandatory. Rescue personnel should have respirator. Exposed conscious person should be taken to an area uncontaminated of gas and should be breathing clean air. If there is respiratory problems, should be given. Quickly getting away from gas-polluted area is very important and if breathing stops, apply artificial respiration and oxygen supplementation. Person should be kept warm and quiet. Be care of saliva or vomit should not obstruct throat.

FIREFIGHTING

Fire And Explosion Hazard

The minimum ignition energy is very high in ammonia. Required to ignite the hydrocarbons more than 500 times more energy and hydrogen 1000 to 10,000 times higher. However, low concentrations required for ignition. Off in the spread of gas present an explosion hazard. Tubes to fire, heat, due to the increasing pressure withstand explode violently.

Extinguishing Agent

Water fog. Suitable for surrounding fire extinguishers. Water and creates a strong base composition of ammonia, is necessary to pay attention to environmental compliance. Instructions For Firefighting: If possible, the gas flow must be stopped. Positive pressure to interfere with emergency officials wear a respirator, and the boat must wear protective clothing made from butyl kauçuğundan. Ammonia dissolves in water, the water, the best fire extinguisher. Fire fighting water at the same time absorbs ammonia gas emitted. Tubes kept chilled in the surrounding water. Flowing water is abrasive, water and waste-water pipes enter the avoided costs. Exposed to fire after extinguishing the flames in the remaining tubes should continue to be cooled for a while.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES AGAINST THE SPREAD OF GAS

Evacuate all personnel affected area. And the unprotected area of non-qualified persons should not be allowed to enter. Protective equipment suitable for skin and eye protection be used. Deflated ignition sources. Leak, the gas's hardware, tubes with an inert gas before starting working vacuum cleaners. Valve in the tube or the tube, Set forth in Section BOS plant should be sought. Ventilated indoor area, such as ventilator the explosion-proof electrical equipment kullnılacak (explosion proof) should be.

HANDLING AND STORAGE.

Ammonia system, which is associated with all lines and equipment must be grounded Electrical equipment Spark or explosion-proof (explosion proof) should be. Certain metals, gaseous or liquid anhydrous ammonia erodes environmental temperature. Of oxygen presence enhances the corrosion of unalloyed and alloyed steels half. Prevents this increase in participation in the water. Anhydrous ammonia systems should be kept scrupulously dry. Only well-ventilated Where used, and out of use, the tubes should remain with the covers attached. Tubes Do not drag, slide or roll. Tubes in the tube carriages transported be used. Tubes, tube filling pressure lower than the pressure-reducing regulator be used. No way, the output of the product from the tube be heated to speed up the tube. Against the danger of the gas to escape back into the tube from the user's back line return valve should be used.

Protect cylinders from physical damage. Cool, dry, well ventilated, where and kept in places with heavy traffic and emergency exits. Tubes flammable structures, such as wood should not have. The tubes are stored at the temperature 50 ° C should not exceed. Tubes, to prevent falling or being knocked over and perpendicular to the must be stored securely. "First in - first out" inventory system using a long tube filled with should be prevented should be segregated. "NO SMOKING" or "flames MOVES" alerts the user in the field of storage area or kept hanging. Storage ignition source in the field should not have or use.

Compressed gas cylinders or cryogenic gas cylinder has never (LC) in an enclosed space a car trunk, van or station wagon moved. A leak fire, explosion, asphyxiation or a toxic exposure may result.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION

During Operation, The Exposure Controls

Gas concentration in the air on the current exposure limits prevent required for ventilation of the environment. Low amounts of gas leakage to the possibilities laboratory-type hoods will be sufficient.

Eye/Face Protection

Gas tight chemical goggles or full-face piece respirator.

Skin Protection

To avoid exposure to protective gloves, boots, or butyl rubber product, the body protective clothing should be completely covered.

Respiratory Protection

Full face mask positive pressure breathing air line should be used.

Other/General Protection

Suitable for the work safety shoes, safety shower, eye wash "bottle" and other protection tools.

 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Stability: Stable.

Conditions to avoid (in terms of Stability): Avoid water

Incompatible materials: Acids and oxidizing materials (fluorine, chlorine, etc..) Reacts. Copper, zinc, tin, brass and abrasive for many metal surfaces. Hypochlorite or other halogen pressure-and temperature-sensitive resources, react to form explosive compounds. Would create the need to not come into contact with an explosive mixture of silver and mercury.

Hazardous decomposition products: High temperatures, 840 ° C, hydrogen

Conditions to avoid: None

Hazardous polymerization: Will not occur

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Inhalation: Ammonia causes severe irritation and damage the lungs and respiratory tract. Ammonia acute LC50 value (1hr, mice), 7,338 ppm. Exposed to high amounts of kalındığında sudden and / or long-term respiratory problems occur. Symptoms exposed after spending can be seen as delayed.

Skin and eyes: Contact with skin burns and blisters, eye contact, or damage or partial also can cause complete blindness.

Mutagen: genetic mutations in bacteria and mammals have been observed in the experiments.

 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION

Very toxic to aquatic organisms.

 DISPOSAL INFORMATION

Gas or gas into the air remaining in the tube should not be used. Tube (or in the gas where another kind of container) as the appropriate hazard warning on the label of the valve housing or tube with the cover attached, if any, attached to the valve plug, the CSF or CSF specialist dealer must be returned. Will be disposed of in accordance with the unused gas.

 CONTACT INFORMATION

Parameter

REGULATORY INFORMATION

Sembol: T, N

Regulatory Risk Phrases:

R 10 Flammable.

R 23 Toxic by inhalation.

R 34 Causes burns.

R 50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms.

Legislation Safety Recommendations:

S 7 / 9 container tightly closed and keep them in a well ventilated environment.

S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition, no smoking

S 18 and the container should be opened carefully transported.

S 26 of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water.

S 33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges.

S 36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, protective gloves, protective goggles / mask.

S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately.

S 61 Avoid release to the environment. See the Special instructions / Safety Data Form